Understanding film terminology is like learning a new language it helps you communicate ideas clearly and collaborate effectively on set. Whether you’re a new filmmaker or need a refresher, here’s a breakdown of key terms in production, sound, and lighting to keep your project on track.
Production Terms
1. Film Set
A constructed environment using props and scenery to mimic real or fictional locations. It’s where the magic happens!
2. Extras
Background actors who fill scenes without speaking. They add realism to busy settings like cafes or streets.
3. Take
The footage is recorded from the moment the camera starts rolling until the director shouts “Cut!” Multiple takes to ensure the perfect shot.
4. Shot List
A checklist of every camera angle and shot needed for a scene. It keeps the crew organized and saves time during filming.
5. Wrap
The celebratory term marking the end of a shooting day or the entire project. After wrap, post-production begins!
6. Clapperboard
That iconic “snap” board! It displays scene details and helps editors sync audio and video.
7. Call Sheet
A daily schedule was shared with the cast and crew, listing shoot times, locations, and scene order.
8. Cast and Crew
Everyone involved: actors (cast) and technical/creative teams (crew). Collaboration is key!
9. Dailies
Raw, unedited footage is reviewed after a shoot day to check performance and technical quality.
Sound Terms
1. Sound Effects (SFX)
Pre-recorded sounds (e.g., door creaks, footsteps) were added in editing to enhance realism.
2. Sound Stage
A soundproof studio designed for controlled audio recording. Perfect for dialogue-heavy scenes.
3. Location Sound
Ambient noise captured on set (e.g., traffic, wind) to blend into edited scenes.
4. Shotgun Mic
A directional microphone that isolates sound from a specific area, reducing background noise.
5. Non-Diegetic Sound
Sound is added externally, like a soundtrack or narrator’s voice, that characters don’t hear.
6. Boom Pole
A long pole holding a microphone above the actors, just out of the camera’s frame.
7. ADR (Automated Dialogue Replacement)
Re-recording dialogue in a studio to fix poor audio quality from the original shoot.
8. Lavalier Mic
A small microphone is clipped to an actor’s clothing for clear dialogue capture.
9. Narration
A voiceover is where a character or narrator speaks directly to the audience.
Lighting Terms
1. Key Light
The primary light source in a scene is usually placed at a 45-degree angle to the subject.
2. Fill Light
A softer light is placed opposite the key light to reduce harsh shadows.
3. Diffusion
Material (like silk or gel) placed in front of a light to soften its intensity.
4. Gel
Colored transparent sheets are placed over lights to alter color temperature or create mood.
5. Gobo
A stencil that casts patterns (e.g., window blinds, tree shadows) using light and shadow.
Why These Terms Matter
Mastering these terms streamlines communication, saves time, and elevates your film’s quality. For example:
- A shot list prevents missing crucial angles.
- ADR rescues scenes with poor audio.
- A gobo adds texture without an expensive set design.
Whether you’re directing, editing, or handling sound, this vocabulary ensures everyone is on the same page. Lights, camera, action you’re ready to roll!
Got a favorite film term we missed? Share it in the comments! 🎬
Tags:
Filmmaking